Orifice-precipitator



L. BRADLEY.

ORIFICE PRECIPITATOR.

APPLICATlON mm OCT. 31, 1913-.

1 ,344, 3 30. Patented June 22, 1920.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LINN BRADLEY, OF EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO RESEARCH CORPORA- TION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,. A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ORIFICE-IBECIPITATOB..

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jane 22, 1920.

Application filed October 31, 1918. Serial No. 260,624.

useful Improvements in ()rifice-Precipita tors, of which the following is' a specification. p

The present invention relates to electrical "apparatus for the treatment of gases or ga'seous mixtures to effect a separation of the gases from solidv or liquid particles suspended therein.

It has been found that when gases are passed through a series of alined orifices formedin spaced plates acting as electrodes and are intensively charged from a discharge electrode passing centrall throu h the orifices, the particles suspen ed in the gas are propelled toward the edges of the orifices, p'ass by the edges and .settle in the spaces between the plates. This phenomenon has been ascribed to the effect of what is called electrical wind which is due to the rapidmotion of the particles under the propelling force of the ions liberated -from the discharge electrode. The particles are headed toward the edges of the orifices and acquire considerable momentum as they approach them. Under theeifect of this momentum they are carried beyond the edges and pass out of the gas stream directed through the orifices and settle on the plates. Whatever the true theory may be for the phenomenon, this form of precipitator has been found very effective. v i

It is the object of this invention to construct a precipitat'or of this type which combines with its electrical advantages compactness, ruggedness and chea ness. v For a fuller'understan ing of the invention reference is bad to the appended drawigure' 1 is a vertical section through a precipitator chamber embodying the inven: tiion and taken substantially on line 11 in i 2' I p ig. 2 a vertical section taken substan tially on line 2-2 in Fig. 1; and

Figs. 3 and 4 are views in elevation and section respectively showing'the relation of precipitator parts in detail.

In the drawings 1 represents the casin defining the precipitator chamber and 2 an 3 indicate the inlet andbutlet respectivelyfor the gases. In the chamber are ositioned at right angle to the direction 0 gas flow a plurality of plates having orifices. Plates 4 are connected to the casing 1, while plates '5 are electrically separated therefrom and are separately supported by insulators 6 outside the chamber. The orifices 7 in the plates 4 are all in alinement and the orifices 8 in' the plates 5 are in alinement, but the orifices 7 and 8' are in staggered relation, being offset relatively to each other by about half their diameter. Rods orw-ires 9 extend centrally through orifices 8 of plates 5 and plates 4 at the highest point of the orifices 7 while the rods, 10 bear upon the plates 5 at the lowest points of theorifices 8. Since the plates 4 have the same polarity as the casing 1, the rods 9 may be connected with it as shown in Fig. 2. 1 I

In practice I prefer to embed the rods 9 and 10 in notches or recesses 11 in the plates 4 and 5 respectively as clearly indicated in Figs. 3 and 4. In this manner, the rods may serve. as spacers for the plates. The plates 4 and' 5 may be madeof sheet metal and so perforated as to form, lips 12 which Wlll tend to direct precipitated material along the electrode surface and between the plates.

From an external source 14 voltage is applied to the electrode elements 5 and 10 the elements 4 and 9 takes place, the latter being connected to ground as shown. A current of as enters the treater at the inlet 2, passes t rough the orifices transverselyof the electric discharge and out through the outlet 3. Particles suspended in the gas, as they pass through the orifices, are subjected to an intense ionizin action, thereby driven toward the edges 0 the orifices and settle on the plate electrodes whence they are caused to descend to the bottom of the treater either by gravity or suitable knocking means. The precipitated material may be removed, in any suitable manner.

In the operation of the apparatusas described, both the rods 9 and the rods 10 would act as discharge electrodes and the stantially centrally through the orifices in gaseous stream would be subjected to an electric discharge of alternating polarity.

Since the critical voltage is lower when the a plates and the size of the openings dependsentirely on the voltage of the source applied and the character of the gases treated. Various minor changes may be made within the scgp e of the invention.

hile the openings in the two groups of plates 4 and are shown as circular, they mziy of course be formed differently.

claim:

1. The combination with a treater chamber, of two plates spaced apart inparallelism, each late having an orifice which is laterally 0 set relatively to the other and a rod connected to each plate and extending substantially centrally through the orifice in the other plate. a

2. The combination with a treater chamber, of two plates spaced apart in parallelism, each plate having a plurality of uniformly spaced orifices which are laterally ofiset relatively to the orifices in the other plate and a plurality of rods connected to each plate and extending substantially centrally through the orifices in the otheriplate.

3. The combination with a treater chamber, of a plurality of plates spaced apart in parallelism, each plate having a plurality of uniformly spaced orifices, the orifice in alternate plates being laterally offset re a-' tively to the orifices in the other plates and a ,pl irality of-rods connected to each of the two groups of plates and extending sub the other group.

4. The combination with treater chamber, of two plates spaced apart in parallel- -ism, each late havin plates, at plura im orifice which is laterally 0 set relative y to the other, a rod connected to each plate and extending substantially centrally through the orifice in the other plate, one plate contacting with the walls of the chamber and the other being electrically. insulated from the chamber and means for connecting the insulated plate to one poleof a source of electric current and the chamber walls to the other pole.

5. The combination with a treater chamher having a gas inlet and an outlet, of. a plurality of plates spaced apart transversely of the direction of gas. flow, each plate having a plurality of uniformly spaced orifices,

the orlfices'in alternate plates being laterally offset relativel to the orifices in the other lity of rods connected to each of the two groups of plates and extending substantially centrally through the orifices in the other group andmeans for connectslng one group of plates to one pole of a source of electric current and the other group to the other pole.

6. lhe combination with a treater cham-' stantially centrally through the orifices in the group, the plates belonging to one group being in contact with the chamber walls and the plates belonging to the other group being spaced from the chamber walls, means insulated from the walls of the chamher for supporting the said spaced plates from without and for conducting current thereto.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

. LINN BRADLEY.

\Vitnesses: k

A. M. MOONEY, J. HUFF.

sis- 

